X-Ray Inspection & BGA Rework

Solder joints beneath BGA, QFN, LGA, CSP and other bottom-terminated components cannot be inspected directly from the PCB surface.
X-ray inspection reveals internal solder distribution and hidden defects without cutting the assembly. When a failed component must be replaced, a BGA rework station controls heating, removal, optical alignment and resoldering while limiting thermal stress on the PCB. Together, these processes support defect confirmation, component replacement and post-rework verification.

Problems Solved by X-Ray Inspection and BGA Rework

Hidden BGA and QFN Solder Joints

X-ray imaging examines solder joints located beneath components where visual inspection and AOI cannot see.

Solder Voids and Bridging

Internal images help identify voids, connected solder balls and abnormal solder distribution.

Missing or Misaligned Solder Balls

Magnified inspection reveals missing balls, shifted components and irregular solder-ball spacing.

Defects That Require Destructive Inspection

Non-destructive X-ray inspection keeps the assembly available for electrical testing, rework or further analysis.

Inaccurate BGA Replacement

Optical alignment superimposes the component terminals and PCB pads before placement.

PCB Warpage During Rework

Controlled top heating, bottom heating and PCB preheating reduce temperature differences during component removal and replacement.

Damage to Pads and Nearby Components

Profile-controlled heating reduces uncontrolled hot-air exposure and excessive mechanical force during rework.

Repeat Repairs with Different Results

Stored temperature profiles and controlled placement settings improve repeatability for recurring repair work.

Recommended X-Ray Inspection and BGA Rework Equipment


Improve PCBA quality control with reliable X-ray inspection and BGA rework equipment for hidden solder defects, component replacement, and repair.

X-Ray Inspection and BGA Rework FAQ

Which Defects Can X-Ray Inspection Identify?

X-ray can reveal solder bridging, voids, missing solder balls, component displacement and abnormal solder distribution. Detectability depends on the package, material density and viewing angle.

No. AOI checks visible component and soldering conditions. X-ray is used when solder joints or internal structures are hidden beneath the component.

The inspection platform supports PCB assemblies up to 510 × 450 mm with a maximum load of 12 kg.

Choose the DEZ-R820 for varied repair work and PCBs up to 415 × 370 mm. Choose the DEZ-R880A for larger boards, larger components and repair processes requiring automatic motion and placement.

The systems support compatible BGA, QFN, CSP, QFP, sockets and other surface-mounted components. The package dimensions and surrounding component clearance must be checked.

Yes, when the board fits the machine and can be supported correctly. Large, thick or high-thermal-mass boards require an appropriate heating profile and bottom support.

Yes. The repaired solder joints can be inspected again to check solder-ball position, bridging, voiding and solder distribution.

Provide the PCB size, weight, component type, package dimensions, defect type, required inspection detail and expected daily inspection or rework quantity.

PCB Assembly Applications & SMT Process Solutions DEZ SMT

Explore More Electronics Manufacturing Applications

DEZ equipment also supports stencil cleaning, PCB surface cleaning before printing, post-solder PCBA cleaning, fixture cleaning, selective soldering, X-ray inspection and SMT line handling.

Explore all applications to find equipment according to the production process and current manufacturing problem.

Request an X-Ray Inspection or BGA Rework Solution

Send us the PCB dimensions, component package, defect description, existing X-ray images and required inspection or repair quantity.

DEZ will recommend an X-ray inspection system, BGA rework station or combined inspection-and-repair process according to the assembly and defect.

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